In October 2023, the Italian Statistics Institute (ISTAT) published a report on the presence of third-country nationals (TCNs) in the country.

The report highlights the increase in the issuance of residence permits to TCNs (+32% compared to 2021), which is mainly due to the new form of temporary protection approved for people displaced by the war in Ukraine (148 000 permits of this type were issued in 2022-23). The report also examines the increase in the issuance of work and study permits in Italy, noting that as far as TCN students are concerned, their numbers are still lower than the EU average.

Overall, the number of TCN residents in Italy reached 3.7 million in 2022-23, with the most represented nationalities being Ukrainian, Moroccan and Albanian. The main countries represented among the nationalities of TCNs granted leave to remain - on international, national or temporary protection grounds - are Ukraine, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Egypt.

Finally, the report highlights the significant presence of minors among TCNs: it is estimated that almost 9 000 minors arrived alone to Italy in 2022. Many are of Egyptian origin, followed by Ukrainians, Albanians and Bangladeshis.