This study by the National Bank of Poland reveals that Ukrainian immigrants are highly active in the Polish labour market, with 78% either employed or seeking employment. This is a higher percentage than among Polish citizens. 

For most Ukrainian immigrants, work is their primary source of income - wages account for 90% of the income for pre-war migrants and 76% for those displaced by the ongoing war in Ukraine. On the other hand, unemployment is higher among Ukrainians than among Poles.

The study shows that the integration of Ukrainian immigrants is increasing. Compared to previous studies, a higher percentage now declare that their knowledge of the Polish language is very good. The housing conditions of both Ukrainian refugees and pre-war migrants have become more similar - over 70% in both groups are living in rented accommodation. This may also indicate their growing integration.

90% of respondents stated that their children attend Polish schools. 36% highlighted insufficient knowledge of the Polish language as the main difficulty their children face at school, and 1 in 3 parents pointed to a lack of friends among peers as another issue.

When asked about the type of support they most need, the majority indicated a need for social assistance. Many also emphasised the need for easier legalisation of residency, as well as support related to learning the Polish language and finding employment.

The study was conducted among Ukrainian immigrants between 6 May 2024 and 5 July 2024, using a nationwide sample of 3 760 respondents.