This study by the European Migration Network (EMN) analyses the ways in which EMN member countries support the integration of applicants for international protection in the labour market, examining data from 2017 - 2022.

Labour market integration is crucial to migrants' integration and successful engagement in society, due not only to its role in providing economic independence but also to its positive impact on health and overall wellbeing.

Key findings by the study include:

• The majority of applicants for international protection in the EU are first-time applicants of working age, which suggests that they have the potential to contribute to the labour market.
• Public debates on the integration of applicants for international protection in the labour market have focused on fostering access to the labour market, but also on concerns for potential abuse or discrimination.
• Most EMN member countries have a shorter waiting period to enter the labour market than that stipulated by the recast Reception Conditions Directive.
• Most EMN member countries require applicants for international protection to obtain a work permit or other form of authorisation in order to access the labour market, and some apply a labour market test.
• There are limited governance structures in place directly supporting the labour market integration of applicants for international protection, with most structures encompassing all third-country nationals.
• Key challenges in labour market access for applicants for international protection are of a practical nature, with limited legislative issues.

The full published study, an 'inform' and a flash summary sheet can be found attached below.